Abstract:
شواهد حاکی از آن است که میزان عواطف مثبت در سالمندی کاهش مییابد و از این رو، شناخت عوامل مؤثر بر عواطف سالمندان میتواند نقش مهمی در تهیه پروتکلهای درمانی برای این گروه سنی داشته باشد. بنابراین، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطه سبکهای دلبستگی با عواطف مثبت و منفی از طریق نقش میانجی سبکهای خاطره پرازی در سالمندان انجام شد. روش پژوهش حاضر همبستگی از نوع تحلیل معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی سالمندان حداقل 60 سال استان همدان بود که از میان آنها به صورت در دسترس 400 (210 مرد و 190 زن) سالمند به عنوان نمونه پژوهشی انتخاب شدند. اعضای نمونه به پرسشنامههای سبکهای دلبستگی بزرگسالان کولینز و رید، عواطف مثبت و منفی واتسون و همکاران و سبک خاطرهپردازی سالمندان امانی و همکاران پاسخ دادند. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که مدل مفروض این مطالعه از برازش مناسبی در نمونه مورد مطالعه برخوردار است. بدین ترتیب که سبک دلبستگی ایمن رابطه مستقیم مثبتی با خاطرهپردازی مثبت، و رابطه مستقیم منفی با خاطرهپردازی منفی دارد و سبک دلبستگی اجتنابی و دوسوگرا تنها رابطه مستقیم مثبتی با خاطرهپردازی منفی دارد. به علاوه، خاطرهپردازی مثبت به ترتیب رابطه مستقیم مثبت و منفی با عواطف مثبت و منفی داشت و خاطرهپردازی منفی به ترتیب رابطه مستقیم منفی و مثبتی با عواطف مثبت و منفی داشت. همچنین سبک دلبستگی ایمن، هم از طریق خاطرهپردازی مثبت و هم منفی، رابطه غیر مستقیمی با عواطف مثبت و منفی نشان داد. سبکهای دلبستگی اجتنابی و دوسوگرا تنها از طریق خاطرهپردازی منفی با عواطف مثبت و منفی رابطه غیر مستقیم داشتند. این نتایج بر اهمیت شکلگیری الگوهای کارکردی درونی بر اساس نوع خاطرهپردازی و روایتگری بین مراقب و کودک، و اثرات مادامالعمر این الگوها تأکید دارد.
The current study aims to investigate the relationship between attachment styles with positive and negative affect through the mediating role of reminiscence styles in the elderly. This was a correlational study of structural equations modeling (SEM) type. The statistical population included all the elderly aged at least 60 years living in Hamedan province, Iran, among whom 400 (210 men and 190 women) were selected using convenience sampling method. Participants filled out the Collins’s Adult Attachment Styles, Oxford Happiness, and Amani et al.’s Reminiscence Styles questionnaires. The results of SEM revealed that the hypothetical model of this study has a good fit in the study sample. As such, secure attachment style had a positive direct relationship with positive reminiscence (PR), and a negative direct relationship with negative reminiscence (NR). Avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles had only a positive direct relationship with NR. In addition, PR had a positive and negative direct relationship with positive and negative affect, respectively, and NR had a negative and positive direct relationship with positive and negative emotions, respectively. Secure attachment style also indicated an indirect relationship with positive and negative affect through both positive and NR. However, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles were indirectly related to positive and negative affect only through NR. The findings emphasize the significance of the development of internal working models based on the kind of parent-child’s reminiscences and narratives, and the lifelong effects of these models.ReferencesAmani, R. (2016). Mother-infant attachment styles as a predictor of aggression. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, 4(1), 506–512. https://doi.org/10.22038/JMRH.2016.6076Amani, R., & Majzoobi, M. R. (2011). The predict of identity styles through attachment styles. 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